Morton Allport (1830 -1878):
Morton Allport was an English-born colonial lawyer. Both he and his
wife Mary were intellectuals with a keen interest in natural history.
They were founding members of the Tasmanian Society, now the Royal Society
of Tasmania. Allport supplied a substantial number of thylacine specimens
to the Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique in Brussels [RIB:
31, 31B, 31C, 31D, 31E, 31F, 32] and to the Zoology Museum at Cambridge
University [UMZC: A6.7/1, A6.7/2, A6.7/3, A6.7/4, A6.7/5, A6.7/6, A6.7/7,
A6.7/8, A6.7/9, A6.7/12] (Source: ITSD, 5th revision, 2013). In the
published minutes of the Royal Society's meeting of the 12th March 1872,
reported in The Mercury of the 15th March 1872 (p. 2), Allport read a letter
acknowledging his donation to the Belgian Museum:
"Mr. M. Allport read
a letter from the Secretary of the Royal Museum of Natural History of Belgium,
returning thanks for our "Papers & Proceedings" and specimens of Natural
History, forwarded by the Society and by Mr. Allport himself. The
Secretary referred to other Societies in Belgium which would be happy to
make interchanges with us". |
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Morton
Allport (1830 -1878), self portrait.
Source: Allport Library
and Museum of Fine Arts. |
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There is
some evidence to suggest that Allport donated at least one (possibly both)
of the thylacine specimens to the HMS Challenger expedition.
An article in the Mount
Alexander Mail (Victoria) of the 29th June 1867 (p. 2) notes the capture
of a thylacine and the donation of its body by Morton Allport to the Victorian
Museum (Museum Victoria). |
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Newspaper
clipping from the Mount Alexander Mail (Victoria) of the 29th June 1867
(p. 2). |
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. |
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IRSNB
31, IRSNB 31D, & CZM A6.7/2. Source: International Thylacine
Specimen Database (2013).
Place your pointer over
the above thumbnails to view the full size images. |
Sir Colin MacKenzie (1877-1938):
Sir Colin MacKenzie
was a distinguished Melbourne-based orthopaedic surgeon who devoted much
of his life to the study of Australian fauna. In 1919, he formed
and financed the Australian Institute of Anatomical Research and began
building a collection of preserved specimens of Australian wildlife.
This work intensified
in the 1920s when the Victorian government granted him permission to establish
a field research station at Healesville that enabled him to breed and collect
native animals for use as anatomical specimens. In the course of
his work, MacKenzie accumulated the largest single collection of thylacine
organ specimens in existence. In 1924, MacKenzie wrote of the thylacine:
"Unfortunately
these animals are fast disappearing, and, in less than twenty years it
is computed, will, in the absence of rigid protective measures, be all
extinct".
MacKenzie generously
donated his entire collection of marsupial specimens, including those of
the thylacine, to the Australian nation. In 1924, the government
responded by creating the National Museum of Australian Zoology to house
them, appointing him as its first director. In 1931, the museum became
known as the Australian Institute of Anatomy (AIA) to coincide with the
opening of its Canberra home. The AIA closed in December 1985, and
the MacKenzie collection transferred to its current home at the National
Museum of Australia in Canberra. The collection comprises 45% of
the total thylacine organ specimens within the 5th revision of the ITSD.
MacKenzie was actively
involved with the direction of the Melbourne Zoo, and the majority of his
thylacine specimens were obtained post-mortem from animals that died at
the zoo. Paddle (2012) notes: |
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Sir
Colin MacKenzie, 1930. Photo: National Museum of Australia (img-ci20071823-002). |
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"The Institute of
Anatomy was the repository of the bodies of the last six Melbourne Zoo
thylacines on display".
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Exterior
and interior views of the Australian Institute of Anatomy. |
In the minutes of the
Zoological and Acclimatisation Society of Victoria dated February 1922,
it states:
"Chief secretary
wrote that facilities should be given to Dr MacKenzie that, when animals
die, a phone message should be sent at once and a room set apart for post-mortem
examinations, and a small tank containing some formalin be provided - may
be difficult to arrange".
In an article entitled "CANBERRA SCIENCE CENTRE - DR. MACKENZIE'S GIFT
OF SPECIMENS", published in the Mercury of the 22nd June 1927 (p. 10)
it states:
"The 'British Medical Journal' gives prominence to the visit of Dr. Colin
Mackenzie in connection with the foundation of a National Museum of Zoology
in Canberra. It pays a tribute to his gifts of specimens, saying
that there is nothing throughout the world comparable with that which is
now being assembled in Canberra. The Journal, in an editorial, says:
'The government is to be congratulated on its decision to establish a centre
of comparative anatomy as the foundation of all medical sciences.
We hope Dr. Mackenzie's lead will encourage, wealthy Australians to endow
such research work in the interests of humanity." |
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The
Telegraph, 21 Sept 1927 (p. 15). |
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MacKenzie also purchased
the body of at least one thylacine from James
Harrison, the animal dealer based in Wynyard, on the northwest
coast of Tasmania. Harrison's notebook states that on the 11th May
1928, he supplied
a "tiger" to Professor Colin MacKenzie for the sum of £12.
The specimen was a juvenile that had died in Harrison's care.
MacKenzie is also known
to have purchased the body of a female thylacine from the Tasmanian Museum.
The thylacine had previously been on display at the Beaumaris Zoo (Queen's
Domain) until its death on the 27th March 1928. He is also known
to have directly purchased another dead thylacine for anatomical purposes
from the Beaumaris Zoo in November 1929 Paddle (2012).
The fifth revision of
the ITSD (2013) states: "MacKenzie focused solely on the anatomical
attributes of his specimens. Unfortunately, this constraint reduced
their value from a zoological perspective, as he failed to keep any records
for the specimens, only labelling them with a brief description of the
organ preserved, and the common name of the animal donor".
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NMA
1984.0010.0515, NMA 1984.0010.0709, & NMA 1984.0010.0710.
Courtesy: National Museum
of Australia. Source: International Thylacine Specimen Database (2013).
Place your pointer over
the above thumbnails to view the full size images. |
Jules Pierre Verreaux (1807-1873):
Jules Pierre
Verreaux was a French ornithologist, plant collector, naturalist, and explorer.
Verreaux worked for the family business, Maison Verreaux, established in
1803 by his father, Jacques Philippe Verreaux, at Place des Vosges in Paris.
The earliest known company that dealt in natural history items, it funded
expeditions to various parts of the world to collect exotic specimens.
Verreaux travelled to
Australia in 1842 aboard the "Le Rhin", and from December of that year
until April 1844, he was based at New Norfolk in Tasmania where he devoted
much of his time to studying the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus).
During his visit to Australia, Verreaux amassed a large collection of some
15,000 natural history specimens and returned with his collection to France
in 1851. Many of Verreaux's specimens are now housed within the Museum
National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, including those of the thylacine
[MNHN:
A2620, A2621, A3298, A3299, 1883-352 & 1844-262] (Source: ITSD, 5th
revision, 2013). |
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Jules
Pierre Verreaux, circa 1860. |
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MNHN
1884-262, MNHN A3299, & MNHN A2621. Source: International Thylacine
Specimen Database (2013).
Place your pointer over
the above thumbnails to view the full size images. |
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